Investigation of the gut microbiota and adverse reactions associated with the combined bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, enterococcus and bacillus cereus tablets and rabeprazole in patients suffering from gastroesophageal reflux
Main Article Content
Keywords
Gastroesophageal reflux, Probiotics, Rabeprazole, Gut microbiota
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) Rabeprazole combined with Combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Bacillus cereus Tablets(CBLEB) in gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) on the regulation of gut microbiota and alleviation of gastrointestinal adverse reactions. Methods: A total of 60 patients with gastroesophageal reflux admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from December 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects, and they were randomly divided into the Experiment group (rabeprazole + CBLEB) and the Control group (rabeprazole) by random number table method, and the general information and inflammatory factor levels of the two groups were compared, and the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions and GerdQ score were compared between the control group and the experimental group. Results: The comparison of various data of subjects in the two groups showed that there were no significant differences in basic data such as age, body mass index and gender distribution between the control group and the experimental group. After treatment, bifidobacteria and lactobacillus in the experimental group were significantly increased in the control group, while GerdQ score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in control group was significantly higher than that in experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), CRP and GerdQ score were linearly correlated. Conclusion: CBLEB can improve the disturbance of gastrointestinal microbiota in GERD patients and alleviate gastrointestinal adverse reactions caused by PPI use.
References
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2. Danisa M Clarrett and Christine Hachem. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Mo Med 2018, 115(3), 214–218.
3. Lo-Yip Yu, Ying-Chun Lin, Yang-Che Kuo, Hung-Ju Ko, Ming-Jen Chen, Horng-Yuan Wang, Shou-Chuan Shih, Chuan-Chuan Liu, and Kuang-Chun Hu. 2022. Aging Combined with High Waist-to-Hip Ratio Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease. JCM 11, 17 (September 2022), 5224. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175224
4. Jing-Xi Zhang. 2015. Belching, regurgitation, chest tightness and dyspnea: Not gastroesophageal reflux disease but asthma. WJG 21, 5 (2015), 1680. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1680
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12. Matthew A Jackson, Julia K Goodrich, Maria-Emanuela Maxan, Daniel E Freedberg, Julian A Abrams, Angela C Poole, Jessica L Sutter, Daphne Welter, Ruth E Ley, Jordana T Bell, Tim D Spector, and Claire J Steves. 2016. Proton pump inhibitors alter the composition of the gut microbiota. Gut 65, 5 (May 2016), 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310861
13. Cheng Zhou, Pengfei Sun, Xinyi Xie, Yangyang Wang, Hailong Si, Lin Yang, and Haijuan Xiao. 2020. Progress in effects of proton pump inhibitors on changes of gastrointestinal microflora. Journal of Nanjing Medical University (Natural Sciences) 40, 9 (2020), 1386–1390+1402.
14. Christopher L. Gentile and Tiffany L. Weir. 2018. The gut microbiota at the intersection of diet and human health. Science 362, 6416 (November 2018), 776–780. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau5812
15. Shilin Tang, Caiju Feng, Xiumei Zhang, Zhihong Xu, Xin Xiong, and Suyu He. 2024. Research progress on the correlation between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. West China Medical Journal 39, 1 (2024), 129–135.
16. Feiyan Zhao and Lihong Cui. 2023. Relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Med J Chin PLA 48, 9 (2023), 1076–1080.
17. Longxian Lv, Deguang Mu, Yiling Du, Ren Yan, and Huiyong Jiang. 2021. Mechanism of the Immunomodulatory Effect of the Combination of Live Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Bacillus on Immunocompromised Rats. Front. Immunol. 12 (June 2021), 694344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.694344
18. Sharon M. Donovan. 2017. Introduction to the special focus issue on the impact of diet on gut microbiota composition and function and future opportunities for nutritional modulation of the gut microbiome to improve human health. Gut Microbes 8, 2 (March 2017), 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2017.1299309
19. Shaowei Li, Mengfen Huang, Guojing Wu, Weihan Huang, Zhanhui Huang, Xiaoqian Yang, Jinming Ou, Qipeng Wei, Chengli Liu, and Shaoyuan Yu. 2020. Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Formula Sini Zuojin Decoction in Treating Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Clinical Evidence and Potential Mechanisms. Front. Pharmacol. 11 (February 2020), 76. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00076
20. Eric Lespessailles and Hechmi Toumi. 2022. Proton Pump Inhibitors and Bone Health: An Update Narrative Review. IJMS 23, 18 (September 2022), 10733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810733
21. Yohannes T. Ghebre and Ganesh Raghu. 2016. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Novel Concepts of Proton Pump Inhibitors as Antifibrotic Drugs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 193, 12 (June 2016), 1345–1352. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201512-2316PP
22. Haijuan Yao, Hongyu Li, Zhuang Ma, Yanyan Wu, Yufu Tang, Hao Meng, Hao Yu, Chengfei Peng, Yue Teng, Quanyu Zhang, Tianyi Zhu, Haitao Zhao, Guiyang Chu, Zhenhua Tong, Lu Liu, Hui Lu, and Xingshun Qi. 2022. Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the in-hospital outcome of COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 15 (January 2022), 175628482211043. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848221104365
23. Rena Yadlapati, C. Prakash Gyawali, John E. Pandolfino, Kenneth Chang, Peter J. Kahrilas, Philip O. Katz, David Katzka, Sri Komanduri, John Lipham, Paul Menard-Katcher, V. Raman Muthusamy, Joel Richter, Virender K. Sharma, Michael F. Vaezi, and Sachin Wani. 2022. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Personalized Approach to the Evaluation and Management of GERD: Expert Review. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20, 5 (May 2022), 984–994.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2022.01.025
24. Wladyslaw Januszewicz, James Hartley, William Waldock, Geoffrey Roberts, Bincy Alias, Anthony Hobson, Lorenz Wernisch, and Massimiliano Di Pietro. 2019. Endoscopic measurement of gastric pH is associated with persistent acid reflux in patients treated with proton pump inhibitors for gastroesophageal reflux disease. UEG Journal 7, 10 (December 2019), 1389–1398. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050640619880362
25. Fabio Pace, Stefano Pallotta, Stefania Casalini, and Gabriele Bianchi Porro. A review of rabeprazole in the treatment of acid-related diseases. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management.
26. Zhie Ma, Wenjuan Zhao, and Pei Wang. 2024. Effects of different proton pump inhibitors on gastrointestinal hormones and oxidative stress in patients with gastric ulcer. Guizhou Medical Journal 48, 1 (2024), 55–56.
27. Jing Xie, Long Fan, Liya Xiong, Peiyu Chen, Hongli Wang, Huan Chen, Junhong Zhao, Zhaohui Xu, Lanlan Geng, Wanfu Xu, and Sitang Gong. 2021. Rabeprazole inhibits inflammatory reaction by inhibition of cell pyroptosis in gastric epithelial cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 22, 1 (December 2021), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-021-00509-7
28. Mariko Hojo, Takashi Asahara, Akihito Nagahara, Tsutomu Takeda, Kohei Matsumoto, Hiroya Ueyama, Kenshi Matsumoto, Daisuke Asaoka, Takuya Takahashi, Koji Nomoto, Yuichiro Yamashiro, and Sumio Watanabe. 2018. Gut Microbiota Composition Before and After Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors. Dig Dis Sci 63, 11 (November 2018), 2940–2949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-018-5122-4
29. Yi-Chao Shi, Shun-Tian Cai, Ya-Ping Tian, Hui-Jun Zhao, Yan-Bing Zhang, Jing Chen, Rong-Rong Ren, Xi Luo, Li-Hua Peng, Gang Sun, and Yun-Sheng Yang. 2019. Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 17, 1 (February 2019), 52–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2018.12.004
30. Fredrik Bäckhed, Josefine Roswall, Yangqing Peng, Qiang Feng, Huijue Jia, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary, Yin Li, Yan Xia, Hailiang Xie, Huanzi Zhong, Muhammad Tanweer Khan, Jianfeng Zhang, Junhua Li, Liang Xiao, Jumana Al-Aama, Dongya Zhang, Ying Shiuan Lee, Dorota Kotowska, Camilla Colding, Valentina Tremaroli, Ye Yin, Stefan Bergman, Xun Xu, Lise Madsen, Karsten Kristiansen, Jovanna Dahlgren, and Jun Wang. 2015. Dynamics and Stabilization of the Human Gut Microbiome during the First Year of Life. Cell Host & Microbe 17, 5 (May 2015), 690–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.004
31. Willem M De Vos, Herbert Tilg, Matthias Van Hul, and Patrice D Cani. 2022. Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights. Gut 71, 5 (May 2022), 1020–1032. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326789
32. Daniel E. Freedberg, Nora C. Toussaint, Sway P. Chen, Adam J. Ratner, Susan Whittier, Timothy C. Wang, Harris H. Wang, and Julian A. Abrams. 2015. Proton Pump Inhibitors Alter Specific Taxa in the Human Gastrointestinal Microbiome: A Crossover Trial. Gastroenterology 149, 4 (October 2015), 883–885.e9. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2015.06.043
33. E. F. Verdú, D. Armstrong, R. Fraser, F. Viani, J. P. Idström, C. Cederberg, and A. L. Blum. 1995. Effect of Helicobacter pylori status on intragastric pH during treatment with omeprazole. Gut 36, 4 (April 1995), 539–543. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.36.4.539
34. Gerald Holtmann, Clive Cain, and Peter Malfertheiner. 1999. Gastric Helicobacter pylori Infection Accelerates Healing of Reflux Esophagitis During Treatment With the Proton Pump Inhibitor Pantoprazole. Gastroenterology 117, 1 (1999).
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Investigation of the gut microbiota and adverse reactions associated with the combined bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, enterococcus and bacillus cereus tablets and rabeprazole in patients suffering from gastroesophageal reflux. Pharm Pract (Granada) [Internet]. 2026 Jan. 9 [cited 2026 Jan. 25];23(4):1-7. Available from: https://www.pharmacypractice.org/index.php/pp/article/view/3225
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How to Cite
1.
Investigation of the gut microbiota and adverse reactions associated with the combined bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, enterococcus and bacillus cereus tablets and rabeprazole in patients suffering from gastroesophageal reflux. Pharm Pract (Granada) [Internet]. 2026 Jan. 9 [cited 2026 Jan. 25];23(4):1-7. Available from: https://www.pharmacypractice.org/index.php/pp/article/view/3225