Monotherapy versus polytherapy of enoxaparin and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Main Article Content

Amira S.A. Said https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6341-3553
Raghda R S Hussein https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0503-685X
Doaa Mahmoud Khalil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9003-0136
Alzhraa M Fahmy https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-3006
Ahmed H A Hassanein https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-0721
Lamiaa N Abdelaty https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-4435

Keywords

COVID-19 infection, Enoxaparin, Hydroxychloroquine, ICU stay, Length of hospital stay, Mortality

Abstract

Objectives: The current study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Enoxaparin and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) used as monothrapy or polytherapy versus standard care alone in Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients. Methods: The current study included two hundred patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients admitted to hospital were randomly allocated into four groups: group I: received standard COVID-19 therapy, group II: received Enoxaparin 40mg/day subcutaneously (SC) plus standard therapy, group III: received 400 mg/day HCQ plus standard therapy & group IV: received a combination of 400 mg/day HCQ and Enoxaparin plus standard COVID-19 therapy. The disease progression was evaluated by duration to a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), length of hospital or Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, and mortality rate. The safety of treatments was evaluated by measuring adverse effects. Results: The length of hospital stay, ICU admission and mortality were significantly decreased in Enoxaparin plus standard COVID-19 therapy group versus other groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Enoxaparin was safe, effective, and well tolerated and has a role in decreasing the progression of the disease and its complications while HCQ did not discover any evidence of extra therapeutic benefits

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